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THREE: Desperate Exertions of Frederick.��Aid from England.��Limited Resources.��Opening of the Campaign.��Disgraceful Conduct of Voltaire.��Letter to Voltaire.��An Act of Desperation.��Letter to Count Finckenstein.��Frankfort taken by the Prussians.��Terrible Battle of Kunersdorf.��Anguish of Frederick.��The Disastrous Retreat.��Melancholy Dispatch.��Contemplating Suicide.��Collecting the Wrecks of the Army.��Consternation in Berlin.��Letters to D��Argens.��Wonderful Strategical Skill.��Literary Efforts of the King. FORE:Berlin was the capital of Brandenburg. K?nigsberg, an important sea-port on the Baltic, nearly five hundred miles east of Berlin, was the capital of the Prussian duchy. The ceremony20 of coronation took place at K?nigsberg. The road, for most of the distance, was through a very wild, uncultivated country. Eighteen hundred carriages, with thirty thousand post-horses, were provided to convey the court to the scene of coronation. Such a cavalcade was never beheld in those parts before. The carriages moved like an army, in three divisions of six hundred each. Volumes have been written descriptive of the pageant. It is said that the diamond buttons on the king��s coat cost seven thousand five hundred dollars each. The streets were not only tapestried with the richest cloth of the most gorgeous colors, but many of them were softly carpeted for the feet of the high-born men and proud dames who contributed, by their picturesque costume, to the brilliance of the spectacle. Frederick, with his own hands, placed the crown upon his brow. Thus was the kingdom of Prussia, ushered into being at the close of the year 1700.BATTLE OF HOHENFRIEDBERG, JUNE 4, 1745.

THREE:PREFACE.The letter was as follows: FORE:The king coolly replied, ��We must hope that they are more afraid of us than even of the gallows.��

THREE:Sophie Dorothee seemed to have but one thought��the double marriage. This would make Wilhelmina queen of England, and would give her dear son Frederick an English princess for his bride. Her efforts, embarrassments, disappointments, were endless. Frederick William began to be regarded by the other powers as a very formidable man, whose alliance was exceedingly desirable. His army, of sixty thousand men, rapidly increasing, was as perfect in drill and discipline as ever existed. It was thoroughly furnished with all the appliances of war. The king himself, living in Spartan simplicity, and cutting down the expenses of his court to the lowest possible figure, was consecrating the resources of his realm to the promotion of its physical strength, and was accumulating iron-bound casks of gold and silver coin in the cellars of his palace. It became a matter of much moment to every court in Europe whether such a monarch should be its enemy or its ally.From the schedule which Frederick has given of his resources, it seems impossible that he could have raised more than about fifteen million dollars annually, even counting his adulterated coin at the full value. How, with this sum, he could have successfully confronted all combined Europe, is a mystery which has never yet been solved. It was the great object of both parties in this terrible conflict to destroy every thing in the enemy��s country which could by any possibility add to military power. All the claims of humanity were ignored. The starvation of hundreds of thousands of peasants��men, women, and children��was a matter not to be taken into consideration. The French minister, in Paris, wrote to Marshal De Contades on the 5th of October, 1758, FORE:Poor Valori, the French embassador, was placed in a very embarrassing situation. The anger of the Prussian king vented itself upon him. He was in complete disgrace. It was his duty daily to wait upon Frederick. But the king would seldom speak to him, or even look upon him; and if he did favor him with a glance, it was with an expression of scorn.CHAPTER IX. THE DEATH OF FREDERICK WILLIAM.